The industry has been finally hit by bird flu. For want of an effective vaccine it remains virtually defenceless Marek’s disease has resurfaced, inflicting up to 60% mortality and ruining farmer’s economy. Menace of other viral, bacterial and protozoal diseases continues unabated. The drug resistance against antibiotics is on the increase. These are the harsh realities of today’s poultry farming. The indus1Ty must face up to the challenges. In keeping with the present scenario, the second edition has been extensively revised. Many chapters are completely rewritten. The changes in particular include: The section on avian influenza (bird flu) has been completely rewritten, covering all aspects of the disease with latest information. The disease is also illustrated with many coloured photographs showing changes in sick birds as well as the postmortem findings. Also, a summary of the Action Plan of the Government of India on the control and containment of avian influenza is